Orthognathic surgery, also known as corrective jaw surgery, is a transformative procedure designed to address and correct abnormalities in the facial bones, particularly the jaws and teeth. This specialized surgery can significantly impact both functional and aesthetic aspects of a person’s life. If you or someone you know is considering orthognathic surgery, this comprehensive guide will provide valuable insights into what the surgery entails, its benefits, and what you can expect throughout the process.

What is Orthognathic Surgery?

Orthognathic surgery is a surgical procedure used to correct severe malocclusions (misalignments of the teeth and jaws) and other jaw-related issues that cannot be resolved with orthodontic treatment alone. The primary goal of this surgery is to improve the alignment of the jaws and teeth, enhance facial aesthetics, and resolve functional issues such as difficulty chewing, speaking, or breathing.

Conditions Treated by Orthognathic Surgery

Orthognathic surgery is typically considered for patients who have:

  • Severe Underbite or Overbite: When the upper and lower jaws do not align properly, causing significant bite problems.
  • Jaw Asymmetry: Discrepancies in the alignment of the left and right sides of the face.
  • Protruded or Retruded Jaws: Jaws that are positioned too far forward or backward.
  • Sleep Apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea caused by structural issues with the jaw.
  • Facial Trauma: Injuries to the facial bones that require surgical correction.
  • Congenital Deformities: Conditions present from birth that affect the jaw structure.

The Orthognathic Surgery Process

Understanding the steps involved in orthognathic surgery can help demystify the procedure and prepare you for what to expect. The process typically involves several stages:

1. Initial Consultation and Assessment

The first step is to consult with an orthodontist or oral surgeon who specializes in orthognathic surgery. During this consultation, the following will occur:

  • Medical and Dental History Review: Discuss your overall health, dental history, and specific concerns related to your jaw alignment.
  • Physical Examination: The surgeon will examine your facial structure and assess your bite.
  • Diagnostic Imaging: Advanced imaging techniques, such as X-rays, CT scans, and digital photographs, will be used to evaluate the alignment of your jaws and plan the surgical approach.

2. Pre-Surgical Orthodontic Treatment

Before undergoing orthognathic surgery, you may need to complete a period of orthodontic treatment. This typically involves wearing braces or clear aligners to move your teeth into the optimal position for surgery. The duration of this phase varies depending on your specific needs but usually lasts several months to a few years.

3. Surgical Planning

Once your orthodontic treatment has prepared your teeth, the surgical planning phase begins. This involves:

  • Creating a Surgical Plan: Using digital imaging and computerized treatment planning, the surgeon will design the precise movements required to correct your jaw alignment.
  • Simulating the Surgery: 3D models and simulations may be used to visualize the outcomes and ensure the surgery will achieve the desired results.

4. The Surgical Procedure

Orthognathic surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia. The procedure involves:

  • Incisions: Incisions are made inside the mouth or sometimes externally to access the jawbones.
  • Bone Reshaping and Realignment: The surgeon will reposition the jawbones and secure them with titanium plates and screws to achieve proper alignment.
  • Closing Incisions: The incisions are closed with sutures, and the mouth is often stabilized with wires or rubber bands.

5. Post-Surgical Recovery

Recovery from orthognathic surgery involves several key stages:

  • Initial Recovery: You will spend some time in the recovery room before being discharged. Pain and swelling are common but can be managed with medication and ice packs.
  • Follow-Up Appointments: Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor healing, adjust any orthodontic appliances, and ensure the jaws are healing correctly.
  • Dietary Adjustments: A soft-food diet is typically recommended during the initial recovery period to avoid strain on the healing jaws.
  • Oral Hygiene: Maintaining excellent oral hygiene is crucial to prevent infection and promote healing. Special cleaning techniques may be advised to keep the surgical site clean.

Benefits of Orthognathic Surgery

Orthognathic surgery offers numerous benefits, both functional and aesthetic. Some of the key advantages include:

Functional Improvements

  • Enhanced Bite Function: Correcting misaligned jaws improves the ability to chew, speak, and breathe properly.
  • Reduced Pain: Many patients experience a reduction in jaw pain and discomfort associated with misalignment.
  • Improved Sleep Quality: For individuals with sleep apnea, correcting jaw alignment can lead to better sleep quality and reduced snoring.

Aesthetic Enhancements

  • Facial Symmetry: The surgery can improve the overall symmetry of the face, leading to a more balanced and harmonious appearance.
  • Increased Self-Confidence: Many patients feel more confident and comfortable with their appearance after undergoing orthognathic surgery.

Risks and Considerations

Like any surgical procedure, orthognathic surgery carries some risks. It’s important to discuss these risks with your surgeon and weigh them against the potential benefits. Some potential risks include:

  • Infection: There is a risk of infection at the surgical site, though this can be minimized with proper care and antibiotics.
  • Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising are common but typically resolve within a few weeks.
  • Temporary Numbness: Some patients experience temporary numbness in the lips or chin, which usually resolves over time.
  • Relapse: In some cases, the jaws may shift slightly after surgery, requiring additional orthodontic adjustments.

When to Consider Orthognathic Surgery

Orthognathic surgery is often considered when:

  • Orthodontic Treatment Alone Is Insufficient: If traditional orthodontics cannot fully correct the jaw misalignment, surgery may be necessary.
  • Functional Problems Are Significant: When jaw misalignment causes severe functional issues that affect daily life.
  • Aesthetic Concerns Are Important: When there are significant concerns about the appearance of the jaw and facial profile.

Sloss & Carpenter Orthodontics Can Help

Orthognathic surgery is a significant step towards improving both function and aesthetics for those with severe jaw issues. At Sloss & Carpenter Orthodontics, we are dedicated to providing personalized care and expert guidance throughout your journey with corrective jaw surgery. Our team uses the latest technology and techniques to ensure optimal outcomes and a smooth recovery process.

If you believe orthognathic surgery might be the right solution for you or if you have any questions about the procedure, we’re here to help. Contact Sloss & Carpenter Orthodontics today at (720) 730-8290 to schedule a consultation and learn more about how we can support you in achieving a healthier and more confident smile.